San Francisco Bay, almost 100 kilometers (60 miles) long, is surrounded by the San Francisco Bay Area, the extensive metropolitan region dominated by large cities such as San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose. In the upper right the delta of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers is visible, with the brown, sediment-filled water eventually flowing down into the Pacific Ocean via the Golden Gate Strait. A large sediment plume can be seen traveling westward into the ocean on the left. Near the lower center you can see the black line that marks the San Andreas fault, which produced powerful earthquakes in San Francisco in 1906 and 1989. January 25, 2019.